A simulation is an effort to simulate real life activities. A simulation doesn't have to be elaborate, a simple activity, would require a simple game. It's like the difference between factual and fiction books, factual books can be wrong, or simplifications, but their is an effort to represent reality. Where fiction might incorporate some reality, but it's not a goal.
Stategy games are concerned with management of multiple troops, resources, or something else, which generally involves more strategic thinking and multitasking than regular games. There are strategy games that are simulations, the Total War series for instance.
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